국제정치 21강 ch. 13 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 2

1. "Iron rice bowl" policy
2. Mao succeeded by Deng Xiaoping
a. Free economic zones
b. Negative consequences of rapid economic growth
c. Strong state
d. Tiananmen Square, 1989
3. Economic growth of 1990s
4. Situation in early twenty-first century
a. New President Hu Jintao
b. Continued rapid economic growth, but growing inequality within China
c. Membership in WTO
d. More prestige in international system
5. Not clear what lessons China'ssuccesshasforrestofglobalSouth
D. India
1. Robust growth: 1996--2006
2. For decades, economy based loosely on socialism and state control of large industries but on private capitalism in agriculture and consumer goods
3. 1991 collapse of SovietUnion,India'slargesttradingpartner
4. Sought help from IMF, World Bank -- economic reforms such as selling money-losing state-owned industries
5. Niche in world economy is in service and information sectors
6. Question of future success with democratic government in place (rather than authoritarian like China)
E. Other experiments
1. Mixed success -- best results from Asia
2. Indonesia, Philippines,Malaysia,Thailand,Vietnam
3. Not as successful -- Bangladesh,Pakistan
4. Latin America -- Brazil,Mexico
5. Africa -- Nigeria,others
6. Middle East -- Israel;smallcountrieswithlargeoilexports--SaudiArabia,Kuwait,Bahrain,UAE;Iran,Turkey,Egypt