Cornel West: The Difference Between Justice and Revenge

Institutions—governmental, religious, financial, even revolution itself—have a way of turning stale and sour. "Thank God for the history of the heretics and the blasphemers. That's my crowd," says Dr. Cornell West. Quoting from some of history and literature's greatest thinkers and doers, West presents a poetic lecture on the role of hope in America's past and its future, and how to make your voice matter. This video was filmed at the Los Angeles Hope Festival, a collaboration between Big Think and Hope & Optimism, a three-year initiative which supported interdisciplinary academic research into significant questions that remain under-explored. For more from Dr. Cornell West, head to .
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Cornell West: Shelley was right when he said poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world. Yes Percy, we appreciate that. We understand that. We know they published that after you died, but we got the memo.
By poetry he wasn't talking about versifiers, he wasn't talking about folks who write words on a page; he was talking about all human beings who muster imagination and empathy to conceive of an alternative reality given the nightmarish catastrophic driven realities most of us have to come to terms with, which means to live a life of a certain kind is to be a poet, an artist of life, an artist of living, one who through one's deeds and actions and witness exemplifies an imagination and an empathy that is subversive in terms of relating to the past, which has fortitude and courageous in the present to pass onto the next generation, some wind at their back.
If you want to know what hope is just zoom in on August of 1955 with Emmett Till's mother when she's asked to speak before not just public but the whole world, because the cameras were there from all the various nations and there's her baby in the coffin with the coffin open. They tried to make sure they kept the coffin closed. She said, “No, they're going to keep it open. We just fetched this body from the Tallahassee River in Jim Crow gut-bucket Mississippi, killed by cowardly hateful American terrorists, white supremacists. We're going to keep it open. This is my only baby.” What you got to say, Mamie Till, to the world?
“I'm not speaking on behalf of myself,” she says. “I’m not speaking on behalf of black people or America, I'm speaking on behalf of the best of the human species, which is what? I don't have a minute to hate; I will pursue justice for the rest of my life.”
That's being a hope, and it's an echo. That magnificent moment in Reinhold Niebuhr's 1932 classic 'Moral Man and Immoral Society' where Reinhold says: any justice that's only justice soon degenerates into something less than justice. Justice must be rescued by something grander and deeper than justice, mainly love. Love, justice: not identical, but indivisible.
When Martin says, "Justice is what love looks like in public," he's talking about it in the legacy of Jerusalem, not the legacy of Athens. For Plato justice is a norm to giving and having one's due. But in Amos justice is a force. It's a major force. It's an answer to the question that Walter Hawkins in his song 'What Is This?': 'How do I account for this fire I have inside of me that won't give me any peace? I've got to somehow get it out. And if I don't do something the rocks are going to cry out.' That's existential.
I wouldn't even call it spiritual because we know religious folk have no monopoly on it given the history of religious institutions accommodating themselves to the most vicious forms of bestiality and atrocity. Be it against our Jewish brothers and sisters in the history of Christianity, it can be against Muslims, it could be against Arabs, it could be against women and gays and lesbians, black folk, whatever. Thank god for the history of the heretics and the blasphemers. That's my crowd.
Look at the history of communism, my god: every self-conscious Marxist find him or herself usually having to leave the Communist Party in order to be true to the best of Karl Marx. Why? Because of the ossification and petrification of institutions in that way.
Hope is existential. I keep coming back to that point. And the issue of integrity that Du Bois raised is quintessential. Of course we live in an age—of what? Cupidity: love of money. I didn't say stupidity. That's too easy—even though that's part of the problem—but it's cupidity. Because there wouldn't be a Donald Trump if it wasn't for Wall Street, corporate elites and a Republican Party that was so complicitous and willing to adjust themselves to it, or even a Democratic Party that's too milquetoast and acts like they want to be part of the resistance but usually have to be brought in kicking and screaming.